Hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene is a white crystal with a molecular weight of 347.66, a melting point (m.p.) of 112~114℃, a boiling point (b.p.) of 256℃, and is easy to sublime. It is soluble in most organic solvents, such as toluene, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, etc. There are two active chlorine atoms connected to the phosphorus atom, which can be partially or completely replaced by nucleophilic reagents to generate various cyclophosphazene derivatives, and then various phosphazene functional materials can be prepared through molecular design. It is a very important fine chemical intermediate.

1. Nucleophilic substitution reaction

The nucleophilic substitution reaction of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene is shown in Figure (a). The more typical single substitution reactions are as follows: the reaction with sodium phenol is shown in Figure (b), the reaction with sodium isopropoxide is shown in Figure (c), and the reaction with o-phenylenediamine is shown in Figure 9 (d).

2. Polymerization reaction

Hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene can undergo high-temperature polymerization in a vacuum polymerization tube to generate polydichlorophosphazene, which can then be converted into phosphazenes with different substituents through nucleophilic substitution reactions, as shown in the figure. This is also one of the methods for preparing linear phosphazene polymers.